Current Affairs Quiz � July 2025|Marsal Institute

Current Affairs Quiz � July 2025

1.A 5,300-year-old Early Harappan settlement and burial was recently discovered in which state?

[A] Gujarat
[B] Haryana
[C] Rajasthan
[D] Punjab

2.What is the name of the campaign under which the Uttar Pradesh government has convicted over 97,000 criminals since July 2023?

[A] Operation Conviction
[B] Operation Justice
[C] Operation Rakshak
[D] Operation Shakti

3.Which city has launched India�s first digital house address project?

[A] Jaipur
[B] Indore
[C] Noida
[D] Lucknow

4.Apache AH-64E Attack Helicopter was developed by which country?

[A] Russia
[B] China
[C] India
[D] United States

5.Which three municipal corporations were awarded as the best-performing Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) during the first national conference of ULBs?

[A] Delhi, Bengaluru, Chennai
[B] Lucknow, Pune, Indore
[C] Surat, Ahmedabad, Hyderabad
[D] Jaipur, Patna, Bhopal

6.Which institute has launched BHARAT (Biomarkers of Healthy Aging, Resilience, Adversity, and Transitions) initiative?

[A] All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) New Delhi
[B] Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru
[C] Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai
[D] Bose Institute, Kolkata

7.Which state government launched the �Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan Vidyarthi Mitra Kits� scheme?

[A] Andhra Pradesh
[B] Tamil Nadu
[C] Karnataka
[D] Kerala

8.Seine River, that was recently seen in news, is located in which country?

[A] Indonesia
[B] France
[C] Australia
[D] China

9.The National Overseas Scholarship (NOS) scheme is administered by which ministry?

[A] Ministry of Education
[B] Ministry of External Affairs
[C] Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment
[D] Ministry of Skill Development

10.Ancient city of Penico, that was recently seen in news, is located in which country?

[A] China
[B] Peru
[C] Chile
[D] Vietnam

11.National Commission for Minorities (NCM) is a statutory body under which ministry?

[A] Ministry of Minority Affairs
[B] Ministry of Home Affairs
[C] Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
[D] Ministry of Women and Child Development

12.Extended Range Anti-Submarine Rocket (ERASR) is developed by which organization?

[A] Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL)
[B] Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO)
[C] Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)
[D] Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL)

13.Which country is the host of International Shooting Sport Federation (ISSF) World Cup 2027?

[A] China
[B] France
[C] Indonesia
[D] India

14.World Paper Bag Day is celebrated annually on which day?

[A] July 11
[B] July 12
[C] July 13
[D] July 14

15.National Health Claims Exchange (NHCX) was developed under which mission by the National Health Authority?

[A] Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission
[B] National Digital Health Mission
[C] Swasth Bharat Abhiyan
[D] National Urban Health Mission

16.Abohar Wildlife Sanctuary is located in which state?

[A] Madhya Pradesh
[B] Punjab
[C] Odisha
[D] Gujarat

17.Barak Valley, that was recently seen in news, is located in which state?

[A] Sikkim
[B] Manipur
[C] Assam
[D] Meghalaya

18.Where was the BIMSTEC Ports Conference 2025 held?

[A] Mumbai
[B] Kolkata
[C] Visakhapatnam
[D] Chennai

19.Mhadei Wildlife Sanctuary is located in which state?

[A] Maharashtra
[B] Madhya Pradesh
[C] Goa
[D] Maharashtra

20.Which state has emerged as the top producer of processed potatoes in 2024-2025?

[A] Uttar Pradesh
[B] Karnataka
[C] Gujarat
[D] Maharashtra

21.Recently, a new skipper butterfly species named Zographetus mathewi was discovered in which region of India?

[A] Western Ghats
[B] Eastern Ghats
[C] Ladakh
[D] Northeastern

22.Tiwai Island, which has become a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is located in which country?

[A] Kenya
[B] Sierra Leone
[C] Ghana
[D] Mali

23.Where was India�s first water technology park named �Aqua Tech Park� inaugurated?

[A] Odisha
[B] Sikkim
[C] Assam
[D] Karnataka

24.The National Mobile Monitoring System (NMMS) is an initiative of which Union Ministry?

[A] Ministry of Rural Development
[B] Ministry of Finance
[C] Ministry of Home Affairs
[D] Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology

25.Which city was declared the cleanest city among �Super Swachh League Cities� in the Swachh Survekshan 2024-25?

[A] Chennai
[B] Jaipur
[C] Lucknow
[D] Indore

26.Which institution has launched the Venture Capital Fund (VCF) Settlement Scheme 2025?

[A] Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI)
[B] Reserve Bank of India (RBI)
[C] NITI Aayog
[D] Ministry of Finance

27.Tadoba-Andhari Tiger Reserve (TATR) is located in which state?

[A] Madhya Pradesh
[B] Maharashtra
[C] Karnataka
[D] Uttarakhand

28.Which state government has launched India�s first RoRo ferry service?

[A] Goa
[B] Gujarat
[C] Odisha
[D] West Bengal

29.Where has the India campus of University of Southampton inaugurated?

[A] Pune, Maharashtra
[B] Bengaluru, Karnataka
[C] Hyderabad, Telangana
[D] Gurugram, Haryana

30.Mount Kilimanjaro, that was recently seen in news, is located in which country?

[A] Australia
[B] Kenya
[C] Russia
[D] Tanzania

31.Which state has launched the Gram-Urja model to promote energy self-sufficiency and rural employment in July 2025?

[A] Karnataka
[B] Uttar Pradesh
[C] Gujarat
[D] Maharashtra

32.Tiwai Island, which has become a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is located in which country?

[A] Kenya
[B] Sierra Leone
[C] Ghana
[D] Mali

33.Who was the recipient of the Kalinga Ratna Award-2024 presented by the President of India?

[A] Union Home Minister Amit Shah
[B] Union Minister of Commerce and Industry Piyush Goyal
[C] Union Education minister Dharmendra Pradhan
[D] None of the Above

34.Economic Census in India is conducted by which ministry?

[A] Ministry of Corporate Affairs
[B] Ministry of Finance
[C] Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation
[D] Ministry of Home Affairs

35.Allographa effusosoredica, that was recently seen in news, belongs to which species?

[A] Spider
[B] Lichen
[C] Butterfly
[D] Flowering plant

36.Which state is the host of Indian Open Athletics Meet 2025?

[A] Gujarat
[B] Uttar Pradesh
[C] Bihar
[D] Odisha

37.International Moon Day is celebrated every year on which day?

[A] July 17
[B] July 18
[C] July 19
[D] July 20

38.AdFalciVax Vaccine, that was recently seen in news, is related to which disease?

[A] Malaria
[B] Polio
[C] Measles
[D] Trachoma

39.Which state government has established a �Kargil Shaurya Vatika� to honour soldiers who died in the 1999 Kargil War?

[A] Rajasthan
[B] Gujarat
[C] Haryana
[D] Punjab

40.Who has been appointed as the new Chairman of the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI) in July 2025?

[A] Nitin Gupta
[B] Akash Agarwal
[C] Vikrant Singh
[D] Ajay Seth

41.Which space organization has launched a twin satellite mission called �TRACERS� to study Earth�s magnetic shield?

[A] European Space Agency (ESA)
[B] National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
[C] Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)
[D] Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)

42.Where is the headquarters of United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) located?

[A] Geneva, Switzerland
[B] New York, USA
[C] Paris, France
[D] Vienna, Austria

43.Who won the bronze medal for India at the World Junior Squash Championships 2025 after 15 Years?

[A] Adya Advani
[B] Nikita Joshi
[C] Anahat Singh
[D] Akanksha Salunkhe

44.What is the official name of the new sanitation workers commission announced by Bihar government in July 2025?

[A] Bihar Rajya Swachhata Ayog
[B] Bihar Rajya Safai Karmachari Ayog
[C] Bihar Sanitation and Welfare Board
[D] Bihar Swachhata Abhiyan

45.Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD), that was recently seen in news, is caused by which agent?

[A] Protozoa
[B] Bacteria
[C] Fungus
[D] Virus

46.Who won the Women�s Chess World Cup 2025?

[A] Tania Sachdev
[B] Divya Deshmukh
[C] Koneru Humpy
[D] Vantika Agarwal

47.What is the name of the initiative recently launched by the Government of India to digitise ancient manuscripts?

[A] Bharat Gyan Samvardhan Yojana
[B] Manuscript India Digitisation Scheme
[C] Digital Heritage India Mission
[D] Gyan Bharatam Mission

48.Noon River, that was recently revived, is located in which city of Uttar Pradesh?

[A] Kanpur
[B] Lucknow
[C] Agra
[D] Meerut

49.Where was the �Buddha Samyak Darshan Museum and Memorial Stupa� inaugurated in Bihar?

[A] Vaishali
[B] Madhubani
[C] Buxar
[D] Gaya

50.Where is India�s first indigenous Air Cushion Vehicle (ACV) being built?

[A] Mumbai
[B] Kerala
[C] Goa
[D] Visakhapatnam

Answers

Correct Answer: A [Formation and development of muscle fibers]

Notes:
Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla recently launched path-breaking Myogenesis experiments on the International Space Station (ISS), showing India�s progress in space research. Myogenesis is the process of forming muscle fibers. It is a complex and controlled process important for developing and maintaining skeletal muscle tissue. Myogenesis helps build body muscles that support movement, posture, and metabolism. It happens through the transformation of precursor cells called myoblasts into multinucleated muscle fibers. Studying myogenesis helps understand muscle diseases and develop therapies.

Correct Answer: B [Talwar-class]

Notes:
Recently, the Indian Navy�s Indian Naval Ship Tabar (INS Tabar) acted quickly to rescue crew members after a fire broke out on an oil vessel in the Gulf of Oman. INS Tabar (F44) is the third Talwar-class frigate of the Indian Navy. It was built in Russia. It is one of the earliest stealth frigates of the Indian Navy. It operates under the Western Fleet based in Mumbai within the Western Naval Command.

Correct Answer: D [Gorakhpur]

Notes:
Recently, the President of India inaugurated the Guru Gorakhnath AYUSH University in Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh. The university was described as a modern centre preserving India�s ancient health traditions and values. It is expected to become a milestone for health services in Uttar Pradesh and the entire country. The President highlighted India�s age-old yoga and health traditions and stressed carrying them forward for development by 2047.

Correct Answer: C [Behind the Mask: Who Heals the Healers]

Notes:
National Doctor�s Day 2025 in India is observed on July 1 to recognise the contributions of physicians to society. The day also marks the birth and death anniversary of Dr Bidhan Chandra Roy, a respected doctor, freedom fighter, and former Chief Minister of West Bengal. The theme for this year is Behind the Mask: Who Heals the Healers. India has celebrated National Doctor�s Day since 1991 to honour Dr Roy�s legacy. Dr Roy received the Bharat Ratna, India�s highest civilian award, in 1961 for his medical service.

Correct Answer: A [Uzbekistan]

Notes:
Recently, India�s Divyanshi Bhowmick won gold in the Under-15 Girls� Singles at the 29th Asian Youth Table Tennis Championship 2025. She defeated China�s Zhu Qihi 4-2 in the final match. The championship was held in Tashkent, Uzbekistan from June 26 to July 2, 2025. India finished the tournament with one gold, one silver, and two bronze medals.

Correct Answer: A [Operation Conviction]

Notes:
Recently, the Uttar Pradesh government said 97,158 criminals were convicted under Operation Conviction since July 2023. Operation Conviction was launched on 1 July 2023 to ensure fast justice, especially for serious crimes. Out of 1,14,029 identified cases, 74,388 cases were disposed of, with 69,422 convictions secured. Under the campaign, 68 criminals got the death penalty, 8,172 got life imprisonment, 1,453 were sentenced to over 20 years, and 87,465 got up to 20 years imprisonment. It focused on organised crime, convicting 395 gang members in 272 cases involving top 10 notorious criminals.

Correct Answer: A [Textiles]

Notes:
Recently, Union Textiles Minister Giriraj Singh approved a ?1,894-crore plan for the Pradhan Mantri Mega Integrated Textile Region and Apparel (PM MITRA) Park in Virudhunagar district, Tamil Nadu. This supports the state�s goal to become India�s textile powerhouse. The PM MITRA Scheme aims to strengthen the Indian textile industry by enabling larger-scale operations. It seeks to reduce logistics costs by housing the entire value chain at one location.

Correct Answer: A [Operation MED MAX]

Notes:
Recently, the Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB) conducted Operation MED MAX to stop illegal pharmaceutical drug trade. Under this operation, NCB dismantled a transnational drug trafficking syndicate. The syndicate smuggled controlled medicines across four continents. They used encrypted digital platforms, drop shipping models, and cryptocurrency for smuggling. This network shows the growing link between digital platforms, cryptocurrency, and global logistics in modern illegal trade.

Correct Answer: A [Lucknow]

Notes:
Recently, Lucknow became Uttar Pradesh�s first �Zero Dump City� with all three units of the Shivri waste treatment plant fully operational. The plant now processes 2100 metric tons of waste daily and has cleared two-thirds of the old waste mound. A ?96 crore project began in 2023 under Swachh Bharat Mission by Lucknow Municipal Corporation. Pune-based Bhumi Green Energy took over in January 2024, using microbial culture and air drying methods. Each unit handles 700 metric tons per day. Waste is separated into fine soil for farming, Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) for cement and paper industries, coarse materials for land reclamation, and construction debris for infrastructure.

Correct Answer: A [Kesavan Ramachandran]

Notes:
Recently, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) appointed Kesavan Ramachandran as Executive Director (ED) from July 1, 2025. As Executive Director, he will oversee the Department of Regulation (Prudential Regulation Division). Earlier, Kesavan was Principal Chief General Manager in the Risk Monitoring Department. He has over 30 years of experience in currency management, banking and non-banking supervision, training, and administration. He served as RBI�s nominee on the Board of Canara Bank for more than five years.

Correct Answer: A [Ministry of Minority Affairs]

Notes:
The National Commission for Minorities (NCM) has no chairperson or members since April 2025 after their retirement. NCM is a statutory body under the Ministry of Minority Affairs formed to protect minority interests. It originated as the Minorities Commission in 1978 and became statutory under the National Commission for Minorities Act, 1992. The NCM advises central and state governments on minority welfare and builds confidence among minority communities.

Correct Answer: C [Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)]

Notes:
Recently, user trials of Extended Range Anti-Submarine Rocket (ERASR) were successfully conducted from INS Kavaratti. Extended Range Anti-Submarine Rocket (ERASR) is a fully indigenous anti-submarine weapon built for Indian Naval Ships. It is launched from Indigenous Rocket Launchers (IRL) installed onboard naval ships. It is designed to combat underwater submarine threats with precision. It was developed by Armament Research & Development Establishment (ARDE), Pune, under Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO).

Correct Answer: D [India]

Notes:
Recently, India secured the hosting rights for two major shooting events from the International Shooting Sport Federation (ISSF). New Delhi will host the Combined ISSF World Cup in 2027 and the ISSF Junior World Championships in 2028. The announcement was made during the ISSF executive committee meeting. New Delhi will also host the ISSF Junior World Cup (Rifle/Pistol/Shotgun) in September�October 2025.

Correct Answer: B [July 12]

Notes:
World Paper Bag Day is celebrated every year on July 12th to promote the use of eco-friendly paper bags. It raises awareness about the environmental benefits of paper bags like biodegradability and recyclability. The day was launched in 2018 by �The Paper Bag� platform. Paper bags help in reducing plastic pollution and promote sustainable living.

Correct Answer: A [Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission]

Notes:
Recently, the government decided to bring the National Health Claims Exchange (NHCX) under joint supervision of the Ministry of Finance and the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI). Earlier, National Health Claims Exchange (NHCX) was managed solely by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. National Health Claims Exchange (NHCX) was developed under the Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission (ABDM) by the National Health Authority (NHA) in consultation with IRDAI. It aims to streamline and standardize health insurance claim processing in India.

Correct Answer: B [Punjab]

Notes:
Recently, wildlife officials reported a sharp decline in the blackbuck population in Abohar Wildlife Sanctuary. Blackbuck (Antilope cervicapra) is a native antelope species found in India and Nepal. It is commonly seen in Rajasthan, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Odisha, and other parts of peninsular India. It is the state animal of Punjab, Haryana, and Andhra Pradesh. Abohar Wildlife Sanctuary is located in Punjab and is unique as it lies entirely on private or community-owned land of 13 Bishnoi villages

Correct Answer: C [Assam]

Notes:
Recently, Assam Pradesh Congress Committee (APCC) president and Lok Sabha Member of Parliament (MP) Gaurav Gogoi urged the Prime Minister to resolve the worsening connectivity crisis in Barak Valley. Barak Valley is the southernmost region of Assam, named after the Barak River. It includes three districts � Cachar, Hailakandi, and Karimganj � covering about 9% of Assam�s area. It borders Meghalaya (north), Mizoram (south), Manipur (east), and Tripura and Bangladesh (west).

Correct Answer: C [Visakhapatnam]

Notes:
Recently, Union Minister Sarbananda Sonowal launched the two-day BIMSTEC Ports Conference in Visakhapatnam. BIMSTEC stands for Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation. The conference aims to strengthen maritime connectivity and cooperation among Bay of Bengal nations. It reflects India�s Neighbourhood First Policy and its leadership in regional maritime development. The theme is Blue Economy, Innovation, and Sustainable Partnerships. Nations participating include Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, and Thailand.

Correct Answer: C [Goa]

Notes:
Environmentalists recently raised alarm over the approval of an eco-tourism resort on Surla plateau inside Mhadei Wildlife Sanctuary, which lies in a critical tiger habitat. Mhadei Wildlife Sanctuary is located in North Goa in the Western Ghats. It is named after the Mhadei River that flows through it and features scenic waterfalls like Vazra Sakla Falls and Virdi Falls. Goa�s three highest peaks�Sonsogod, Talvche Sada, and Vagheri�are located within the sanctuary. Forests are dense with semi-evergreen and moist deciduous trees like teak, sal, bamboo, orchids, and medicinal plants.

Correct Answer: C [Gujarat]

Notes:
Gujarat recorded 48.59 lakh tonnes of potato production in the 2024�25 season, including varieties for French fries and wafers. Gujarat is now the top producer of processed potatoes in India, followed by Uttar Pradesh and Punjab. Processed potato production in India grew from less than 1 lakh tonnes in 2004�05 to 11.50 lakh tonnes in 2024�25. Banaskantha, Sabarkantha, and Aravalli are Gujarat�s leading potato-growing districts, producing 38 lakh tonnes on 1.19 lakh hectares.

Correct Answer: A [Western Ghats]

Notes:
Recently, a new skipper butterfly species named Zographetus mathewi was discovered in the Western Ghats, a global biodiversity hotspot. It was identified by a team from Travancore Nature History Society (TNHS), Institute of Tropical Research, Ecology and Conservation (INTREC), and Zoological Survey of India. The butterfly belongs to the family Hesperiidae and is the 15th species in the Zographetus Watson, 1893 genus and fifth recorded in India. It is endemic to low-elevation forests in Kerala. It is named in honour of George Mathew, an eminent Indian entomologist.

Correct Answer: B [Sierra Leone]

Notes:
Tiwai Island in Sierra Leone has been newly added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2025. It lies in the Moa River, southeastern Sierra Leone. It forms part of the Gola-Tiwai Complex, which includes Gola Rainforest National Park, the country�s largest tropical rainforest. Tiwai is globally known for its rich biodiversity, especially 11 species of primates, including the endangered western chimpanzee, Diana monkey, and king colobus.

Correct Answer: C [Assam]

Notes:
Chief Minister Himanta Biswa Sarma recently inaugurated India�s first water technology park named �Aqua Tech Park� at Bagibari Sonapur in Assam. The park is a joint effort of Kolong-Kapili, National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD), Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture (CIFA), Fishery Department, and Selco Foundation. It is the first of its kind in Assam and showcases advanced fishery technologies like aquaponics, biofloc system, ornamental fish breeding, and modern fish production. The aim is to empower fish farmers with knowledge and increase their income through technology.

Correct Answer: A [Ministry of Rural Development]

Notes:
The Union Ministry of Rural Development has flagged widespread manipulation in digital attendance under Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS). The manipulation occurred via the National Mobile Monitoring Software (NMMS) App. The National Mobile Monitoring Software (NMMS) system was launched on 21st May 2021 by the Ministry of Rural Development. It allows real-time attendance of MGNREGS workers with geo-tagged photographs at worksites. It aims to increase transparency and ensure better monitoring of MGNREGS.

Correct Answer: D [Indore]

Notes:
On July 17, 2025, the Swachh Survekshan 2024-25 awards were announced by the Union Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs. Indore retained its top spot as the cleanest city for the 8th time in a row under the �Super Swachh League� category. Surat and Navi Mumbai secured the second and third ranks respectively in the same category. In the new �Swachh Shahar� category for cities with over 10 lakh population, Ahmedabad ranked first, followed by Bhopal and Lucknow. Noida was ranked cleanest among cities with 3 to 10 lakh population, followed by Chandigarh and Mysore.

Correct Answer: A [Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI)]

Notes:
Recently, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) launched the VCF Settlement Scheme 2025. The scheme offers a one-time window to resolve compliance issues related to the winding-up of old funds. It is meant for Venture Capital Funds (VCFs) that shifted to the Alternative Investment Fund (AIF) regime but haven�t liquidated their investments. The scheme will remain open from July 21, 2025, to January 19, 2026. Its main goal is to protect investor interests by settling long-pending fund closure cases.

Correct Answer: B [Maharashtra]

Notes:
Recently, an Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based system with loudspeakers was installed in 20 villages near Tadoba-Andhari Tiger Reserve (TATR) to warn people about tiger movement. Tadoba-Andhari Tiger Reserve (TATR) is located in Chandrapur district, Maharashtra. It is the largest and oldest tiger reserve in Maharashtra. The name �Tadoba� comes from the tribal god �Taru,� and �Andhari� is from the Andhari River in the region. The reserve includes Tadoba National Park and Andhari Wildlife Sanctuary. It has corridor connections with Nagzira-Navegaon and Pench Tiger Reserves in Maharashtra.

Correct Answer: A [Goa]

Notes:
Goa government recently launched India�s first Roll-on/Roll-off (RoRo) ferry service on the Mandovi River. The ferry connects Chorao Island to Panaji, the capital city of Goa. It aims to boost inland waterway transport and reduce dependence on road traffic. The service will significantly cut down travel time for daily commuters. It offers easier and faster connectivity for locals and tourists visiting the island.

Correct Answer: D [Gurugram, Haryana]

Notes:
Recently, India campus of University of Southampton was inaugurated in Gurugram, Haryana by the Union Education Minister and Haryana Chief Minister. University of Southampton is a QS Top 100 global university and a founding member of the United Kingdom�s Russell Group. It is the first foreign university to start a campus in India under the University Grants Commission (UGC)�s 2023 Regulations for foreign higher educational institutions. This marks a historic milestone in India�s higher education reforms. It aligns with the vision of National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 to globalize Indian education. It also strengthens India�United Kingdom education ties under the India-UK Roadmap 2030.Correct Answer: D [Tanzania]

Notes:
Recently, the Defence Secretary flagged off mountaineering expeditions to Mount Everest and Mount Kilimanjaro at an event held in South Block, New Delhi. Mount Kilimanjaro is Africa�s tallest mountain and the world�s largest free-standing mountain. It is located in northeastern Tanzania near the Kenya border and stretches around 80 km east to west. Kilimanjaro is a stratovolcano made up of three cones: Kibo, Mawenzi, and Shira.

Correct Answer: C [17 July]

Notes:
World Day for International Justice is observed every year on July 17th. The day promotes global awareness and support for international justice. It highlights the work of the International Criminal Court (ICC) and other criminal tribunals. The focus is on justice for genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity. It reminds the world that no one is above the law. The day emphasizes that every individual must have access to justice.

Correct Answer: B [Maharashtra]

Notes:
Recently, Maharashtra became the first state in India to give agricultural status to livestock and poultry farming. The decision was approved by the Maharashtra Cabinet to support rural economy and animal husbandry. Livestock farmers will now get benefits like crop farmers, including subsidies, low tariffs, and credit access. This move bridges the policy gap between crop cultivators and livestock farmers. Farmers can now avail subsidies on electricity, solar pumps, and interest on loans.

Correct Answer: A [Varanasi]

Notes:
Union Minister of Youth Affairs and Sports inaugurated the Youth Spiritual Summit in Varanasi. The summit was held at the Rudraksh International Convention Centre. Theme of the summit was �Nasha Mukt Yuva for Viksit Bharat� (Drug-Free Youth for Developed India). The three-day summit focused on making youth drug-free to help build a Developed India. The summit ended with the Kashi Declaration, committing to a nationwide campaign for drug-free youth. A roadmap called Kashi Sankalp Patra was created to guide efforts toward youth de-addiction.

Correct Answer: B [Kerala]

Notes:
Kerala has recently introduced the Cy-TB skin test to detect Latent Tuberculosis Infection (LTBI) under the National TB Elimination Programme (NTEP). Cy-TB is a new-generation intradermal skin test using Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific antigens called ESAT-6 and CFP-10. It is more accurate than Mantoux or IGRA (Interferon-Gamma Release Assay) tests and does not need blood samples. It helps in early detection of dormant TB to prevent it from becoming active. It is used for adults above 18, especially in high-risk or contact groups.

Correct Answer: D [England]

Notes:
England will host the World Test Championship (WTC) Finals in 2027, 2029, and 2031, as decided by the International Cricket Council (ICC). This was confirmed at the ICC Annual Conference held in Singapore in 2025. The decision rewards the England and Wales Cricket Board (ECB) for its success in hosting the 2021 and 2023 WTC Finals.

Correct Answer: B [National Institute of Technology Calicut]

Notes:
A team at National Institute of Technology (NIT) Calicut has recently develop

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